GISTs are different from more common types of GI tumors, like colon cancer or stomach cancer, because of the type of tissue in which they start. GISTs belong to a group of cancers called soft-tissue sarcomas. Soft-tissue sarcomas develop in the tissues that support and connect the body, including fat cells, muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, blood vessels, and lymph vessels.


 

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Symptoms of GIST

  • Pain or discomfort in the abdomen
  • A mass in the abdomen that you can feel with your hand
  • Bowel obstruction
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Vomiting blood
  • Blood in the stool

 

Diagnosis of GIST

  • Computed tomography (CT) scan.
  • Endoscopy/endoscopic ultrasound.
    Endoscopy allows the doctor to see the inside of the stomach or large bowel. A special type of test called a capsule endoscopy involves swallowing a small camera. The endoscopic ultrasound is used to find out if the tumor has grown into the wall of the gut, how deep the tumor has grown, and whether cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or other nearby structures.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • Biomarker testing of the tumor.
    Our Oncologist will recommend running laboratory tests on a tumor sample to identify specific genes, proteins, and other factors unique to the tumor. The 2 most common affected genes in GIST are called KIT and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA). Researchers are finding more mutations thought to cause GIST such as succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), BRAF and NTRK. The results of biomarker testing may help your doctor make treatment recommendations.
  • Positron emission tomography (PET) scan.

 

Treatment overview

Treatment recommendations by our cancer specialists at Onco Life Centre are tailored, personalized and depends on tumor stage, tumor genomics (KIT, PDFGRA, NTRK1-3 fusion, BRAFV600E, NTRK fusion, SDH and RAF), pre-existing medical conditions, your overall health and nutritional status.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy is the foundation of precision medicine. Our Oncologists at Onco Life Centre work in close collaboration with Cancer Genomics Experts in the US to perform cancer gene mapping and DNA sequencing on our patients’ cancer tissue. Regular teleconferencing and live exchange of information with the US Genomics Experts allows our Oncologists to specifically design unique treatment plans for our patients. By targeting specific genes and proteins that are involved in driving cancer survival and progression, our patients at Onco Life Centre are experiencing significant and sustained improvements in their cancer responses and living longer.

At Onco Life Centre, we have made it our mission to improve the everyday lives of our patients. Our Oncologists and Pharmacists will seek to identify Compassionate Drug Access Programs that allows pre-approved new drugs outside clinical trials (and prior to product launch) for our patients who do not have satisfactory therapy options available.

 

Surgery

For people with a localized GIST, surgery is the standard treatment and should be performed whenever possible. If the GIST cannot be completely removed by surgery, such as if it has spread somewhere else, it often cannot be cured.

Targeted therapy

Targeted therapy targets the cancer’s specific genes, proteins, or the tissue environment that contributes to cancer growth and survival. This type of treatment blocks the growth and spread of cancer cells while limiting damage to healthy cells. To find the most effective treatment, our oncologist will run tests to identify the genes, proteins, and other factors in your tumor. Read More ...

Radiation treatment

Before surgery, radiation can be used along with chemo to try to shrink some tumors to make surgery easier. After surgery, radiation can be used to kill very small areas of cancer that cannot be seen and removed during surgery. Radiation, especially when combined with chemotherapy (chemo), might delay or prevent the cancer from coming back after surgery and may help people to live longer. Radiation can also be used to slow the growth and ease symptoms.

 

 

Risk Factors

The majority of GISTs develop sporadically, which means for no known reason. Several factors may raise a person’s risk for developing a GIST:
Age
Most people diagnosed with a GIST are older than 50. These tumors can occur in people of any age but are rare in people younger than 40.
Gender
GIST is slightly more common in men than in women.
Genetic syndromes
Hereditary syndromes that can increase the risk of GIST include neurofibromatosis (NF1).

Patients and their families have opportunities to talk about the way they are feeling with our oncologists, nurses, counselors, or join our psychosocial program and support group at Onco Life Centre.

 

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